In Europe, polyurethane foam cores and latex cores have long been popular. In North America, the typical mattress sold today is an innerspring however, there is increasing interest in all-foam beds and hybrid beds, which include both an innerspring and high-end foams such as viscoelastic or latex in the comfort layers. In 1899 James Marshall introduced the first individually wrapped pocketed spring coil mattress now commonly known as Marshall coils. Other fill components include insulator pads over the coils that prevent the bed's upholstery layers from cupping down into the innerspring, as well as polyester fiberfill in the bed's top upholstery layers. Modern mattresses usually contain either an inner spring core or materials such as latex, viscoelastic or other flexible polyurethane foams. In the first half of the 20th century, a typical mattress sold in North America had an innerspring core and cotton batting or fiberfill. Įarly mattresses contained a variety of natural materials including straw, feathers or horse hair. The oldest known mattress dates to around 77,000 years ago. During the Crusades, Europeans adopted the Arabic method of sleeping on cushions on the floor, and the word materas eventually descended into Middle English through the Romance languages. The word mattress derives from the Arabic مَطْرَحٌ ( maṭraḥ) which means "something thrown down" or "place where something is thrown down" and hence "mat, cushion". Photo on a 1940 USDA circular promoting home production of cotton mattresses Kapok is a common mattress material in Southeast Asia, and coir in South Asia. Mattresses may also be filled with air or water, or a variety of natural fibers, such as in futons. They may be supplied with a secondary mattress or a removable "topper". Divans have at least one innerspring layer as well as cushioning materials. Popular in Europe, a divan incorporates both mattress and foundation in a single upholstered, footed unit. Mattresses are usually placed on top of a bed base which may be solid, as in the case of a platform bed, or elastic, such as an upholstered wood and wire box spring or a slatted foundation. Mattresses may also be filled with air or water. Mattresses may consist of a quilted or similarly fastened case, usually of heavy cloth, containing materials such as hair, straw, cotton, foam rubber, or a framework of metal springs. It is designed to be used as a bed, or on a bed frame as part of a bed. Two-sided, innerspring pillow-top mattress on box-spring foundation with a woven damask cover.Ī mattress is a large, usually rectangular pad for supporting a lying person.
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